Prediabetes means that your blood sugar is higher than normal but has not yet reached the range used to diagnose type 2 diabetes. It is an important early warning sign—but it is also an opportunity to take action.
According to Diabetes Canada, an A1C between 6.0% and 6.4% is considered within the prediabetes range.
Are there any symptoms?
Many people with prediabetes feel completely well and only discover it through routine bloodwork. When symptoms occur, they may include:
- Increased thirst
- Frequent urination
- Unexplained fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Slow healing of cuts
- Recurrent infections
- Tingling or numbness in the hands or feet
These symptoms do not necessarily mean that you have diabetes. A blood test and medical assessment are required.
Who should consider screening?
Your physician may recommend diabetes screening based on your age and individual risk factors. These can include:
- A family history of type 2 diabetes
- Previous gestational diabetes
- Polycystic ovary syndrome
- High blood pressure or abnormal cholesterol
- Excess weight, particularly around the abdomen
- Cardiovascular disease
- Certain medications or medical conditions
- Belonging to a population with a higher risk of diabetes
Adults aged 40 and older should generally be assessed for diabetes risk, while earlier or more frequent testing may be appropriate when additional risk factors are present.
Can prediabetes be reversed?
Prediabetes does not always progress to type 2 diabetes. Healthy lifestyle changes can improve blood sugar levels and may prevent or delay diabetes.
Helpful steps include:
- Choosing balanced meals containing vegetables, protein and whole-grain or higher-fibre foods
- Replacing sugary drinks and fruit juice with water more often
- Gradually working toward approximately 150 minutes of physical activity per week
- Breaking up prolonged periods of sitting
- Getting adequate sleep
- Avoiding smoking
- Discussing healthy and sustainable weight management with your healthcare provider
Start with realistic changes. Even a short walk after meals or replacing one sugary drink each day can be a useful beginning.
Is medication always necessary?
No. Many people can manage prediabetes through healthy eating, regular activity and weight management. Medication may be considered for selected individuals based on their blood sugar results and overall risk profile. Treatment should be individualized rather than started automatically.
Follow-up is important
Prediabetes should not be ignored simply because you feel well. Your family physician may recommend repeat bloodwork and assessment of blood pressure, cholesterol, weight and other cardiovascular risk factors.
If you have concerns about your blood sugar or diabetes risk, book an appointment with Jan Family Clinic for an individualized assessment. Learn more about our chronic disease management services.
This article provides general health information and does not replace medical advice from your healthcare provider.