Many people associate vaccines with childhood, but immunization remains an important part of preventive healthcare throughout adult life. Vaccine recommendations can change with age, medical conditions, pregnancy, occupation, travel, and previous vaccination history.
There is no single adult vaccine schedule that is appropriate for everyone. A review with your healthcare provider can help identify what is recommended for you.
Why adult immunizations matter
Protection from some childhood vaccines can decrease over time, and adults may become eligible for additional vaccines as they get older or as their health circumstances change. Vaccination can also reduce the risk of spreading certain infections to vulnerable family members and others in the community.
Review your immunization record
If possible, keep a personal record of your vaccines. Records may be available from previous physicians, public health records, pharmacies, schools, or personal documents, depending on where and when the vaccines were given.
If your record is incomplete, do not assume that nothing can be done. Your healthcare provider can review your history and advise whether vaccination or additional documentation is appropriate.
Routine boosters
Some vaccines require booster doses in adulthood. For example, tetanus-containing vaccines are periodically recommended, and certain situations such as pregnancy, injury, or occupational exposure may affect the timing or type of booster advised.
Your clinician can determine whether you are due based on your documented vaccine history and current recommendations.
Seasonal vaccination
Seasonal vaccines may be recommended each year or during specific periods. Eligibility, product availability, and recommendations can vary by season and by individual risk factors.
Because recommendations can change, it is best to use current guidance rather than relying on an old schedule or information found online several years ago.
Vaccines and pregnancy
Pregnancy changes the recommendations for some vaccines. Certain vaccines may be specifically recommended during pregnancy to protect the pregnant patient and newborn, while others are generally avoided during pregnancy. If you are pregnant or planning pregnancy, discuss your vaccination history with your healthcare provider.
Vaccination for older adults
As people age, the risk of complications from some infections increases. Additional vaccines may therefore be recommended based on age and medical history. Your healthcare provider can review whether you are eligible for age-based or risk-based vaccination.
Medical conditions and medications
People with certain chronic illnesses, immune system conditions, or medications that affect immunity may need a modified vaccination plan. Some vaccines may be particularly important, while others may require special timing or may not be appropriate.
Always provide an accurate medication list and relevant medical history when discussing vaccination.
Travel and occupational considerations
Travel outside Canada and some occupations can create additional vaccine requirements or recommendations. Travel-related vaccination often needs advance planning, so it is best to seek advice well before departure.
What to bring to an immunization appointment
- Your health card
- Any available immunization records
- A list of medications and allergies
- Information about previous vaccine reactions
- Details of pregnancy, travel, school, or occupational requirements when relevant
After vaccination
Mild soreness at the injection site, fatigue, or other temporary symptoms can occur after some vaccines. Serious reactions are uncommon, but your healthcare provider or pharmacist can explain what to expect and when to seek medical attention.
Make immunization part of preventive care
A vaccine review can be incorporated into routine preventive care rather than waiting until a record is urgently needed for work, school, travel, or pregnancy. Bringing your immunization record to your next appointment is a simple way to start.
Important: Vaccine schedules and eligibility can change. This article provides general information only. Please speak with your healthcare provider for recommendations based on your age, health history, pregnancy status, medications, and current Ontario guidance.